The Cuban Missile Crisis And Its Effect On The Moral...

In Thirteen Days, Robert Kennedy recollects his time with President John F. Kennedy in handling the Cuban Missile Crisis. The Cuban Missile Crisis, as described in Thirteen Days, started on October 16, 1962. President John F. Kennedy was provided with a photograph that gave little evidence of a missile base. The whole area was about the size of a football field and, to many of the cabinet, seemed like nothing. Kruschev, the chairman of the USSR said that there was nothing to worry about. When real proof was provided, the lies of Kruschev were exposed, and Robert Kennedy said, â€Å"I now know how Tojo felt when he was planning Pearl Harbor† (Kennedy, 25). John F. Kennedy needed to handle the presence of the Soviets in Cuba without diminishing the moral position of the United States. When a formal meeting of the National Security Council was held, many arguments were shared o how to handle the crisis. The main arguments of action were blockade or military action, in par ticular- nuclear weapons. â€Å"It had worried him that a blockade would not remove the missiles – now it was clear that an attack could not accomplish that task completely, either† (Kennedy, 39). Therefore, John F. Kennedy chose to not only blockade; however, to blockade and provide military action in the event that a blockade would fail. His ultimate policy was to remove the missiles and nuclear warheads from Cuba using the blockade to support the moral position of the United States and to be prepared toShow MoreRelatedThe Cuban Missile Crisis Essay2023 Words   |  9 PagesWorld in the nuclear age forever. The Cuban Missile Crisis represents the closest brink of mutual nuclear destruction the World has ever been close to reaching. The leadership in place throughout the crisis is critical to the story of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Three men dominated the nations involved in the crisis and captivated citizens of all corners of the world. President John Fitzgerald K ennedy of the United States, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, and Cuban Dictator Fidel Castro dominated theRead MoreJohn F Kennedy And The Cuban Missile Crisis1852 Words   |  8 Pagessuccessfully negotiated with the Soviet Union during the Cold War specifically during the Cuban Missile Crisis in addition to establishing the Peace Corps with his brother-in-law Sargent Shriver then following with support for civil rights. The Cuban Missile Crisis started on October 16, 1962. At the time the dictator Fidel Castro was developing a relationship with the Soviet Union. Previously, Castro visited the United States to help establish a foreign relationship with the U.S only to be denied by the presidentRead MoreCold War Era Movie Assignment1538 Words   |  7 Pagesclips that we watched in class were all made between the years 1954 and 1964. World War II and The Cold War between The Soviet Union and the United States became the subject of many TV shows and movies of the time period. The paranoia and fear of communism and nuclear war was very real in the 1950’s/1960’s and it shaped the cultures of both the United States and the Soviet Union. You will be asked questions not only about the clips you will view but how they relate to World War II and The Cold WarRead MoreKennedy and Khrushchev Essay2085 Words   |  9 PagesNikita Khrushchev forced his position in Cuba, ultimately countering U.S. occupation by deploying Soviet troops and maintaining communist influence in the region. Khrushchev believed that U.S. invasion in Cuba was imminent and prepared to fight against American troops. The Vienna Summit in 1961 outlined the desire to takeover Berlin, a crucial European city for American and Soviet presence during the Cold War. Khrushchev and the Soviet Union approached the United States and JFK with prudence becauseRead MoreThe Cuban Embargo: A Double Edged Sword1612 Words   |  7 PagesIn five decades, the Cuban embargo has failed to achieve its purpose, damaged U.S interest, and affected the Cuban people. Since the year 1959 when Fidel Castro took over Cuba, the country has been under communist rule. It’s bee n over 50 years since the United States placed and embargo against Cuba. The embargo also known as â€Å"the blockade† places travel restrictions and trade of commerce on any one who is under the US jurisdiction. One of the purposes of the embargo was to turn Cuba into a democraticRead MoreGeneral Curtis Lemay : An Effective Leader And Problem Solver1647 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Curtis LeMay is one of the iconic figures of the United States Air Force. A war hero and experimented pilot, he was able to succeed where many others failed and his triumphs underpinned the emergence of the independent Air Force. However, his leadership case presents examples of virtues and limitations that warriors can experiment during their careers. LeMay was the product of his era, an effective problem solver for the war devoted to the defense of his country and an advocate of the massiveRead MoreJohn Dallek s An Unfinished Life3220 Words   |  13 Pagesmultitude of people around the world, making numerous bold changes in the United States’ domestic living whilst trying to prevent Communism and nuclear weapons from threatening the world in his foreign policies. Dallek discussed the Kennedy family’s initial influence in government that made JFK into the political figure he became. John F. Kennedy’s grandparent, John E. Fitzgerald, was elected to be in the Massachusetts state senate, thus introducing the Kennedy family to the beginnings of their politicalRead MoreJust War Theory and Pacifism1734 Words   |  7 Pagesa citizen of the United States, I am part of an institution that has been, and is currently, killing people. Whether or not all or some of these killings are ethically defensible is a difficult question to answer and most people simply never confront the issue. I will evaluate literature on the topic, identify the different justifications for killing in time of war and decide if they legitimize our actions. After describing some compell ing arguments, I will defend my own position that pacifism isRead MoreAnalysis Of Dr Strangelove By Stanley Kubrick Essay1800 Words   |  8 PagesAll contact to the aircrafts is disrupted due to the CRM 141 discriminator that only allows contact to the aircrafts if the correct 3 letter code is entered beforehand. General Jack Ripper however, is the only man that knows the 3 letter code. In a state of panic with the aircrafts only 1 hour from their targets, the president contacts the Russian president to inform him of the imminent attack but also gives the locations of the American bombers in the hope that the Russians could shoot down the aircraftsRead More cold war Essay2040 Words   |  9 Pages The cold War The Cold War was a response to the perceived threat by the United States that Communism would interfere with national security and economic stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the United States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid another world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The devastation caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

The Case Of Leigh Scott - 777 Words

In the case of Leigh Scott, she is an experienced teacher who teaches many different levels of history and government. The main problem that she currently faces in the case study is the fact that one student, Aaron, thinks he deserves the same grade as another student, Dale, who has a learning disability. Aaron is not as prepared as Dale, as Leigh describes he â€Å"seldom brings materials to class† (Leigh Scott: Case Study, p. 29) nor does he exhibit â€Å"teacher-pleasing behaviors† as Dale does (Leigh Scott: Case Study, p. 29). For this reason Aaron received a lower grade than Dale because he did not show as much effort or preparedness in class. The main problem that I perceive from the Case of Leigh Scott is that both Dale and Aaron are doing the same work, with the same grades yet one has an explicit learning disability who receives lots of support and the other is not receiving enough support. Dale has a clear learning disability and thus receives not only su pport from Meg, the resource room teacher, who â€Å"helped Dale prepare for Leigh’s class† (Leigh Scott: Case Study, p. 29), he also receives support and encouragement from Leigh even though he does not do much work. Aaron on the other hand receives little to no support from Leigh even though he has constantly not come to class prepared, puts his head down during discussions and has done poorly on his assignments. I believe that Au (2009) would have a lot to say about Leigh Scott and that the case study of Leigh ScottShow MoreRelatedLeigh Scott Case Study Essay742 Words   |  3 PagesCase Study: Leigh Scott This case study was very interesting and relatable. This case study is about Leigh Scott a social studies teacher of 11 years and her issue about Aaron and Dale. Aaron is anger with Leigh about his grade and how another student got a higher grade at the end of the quarter but they had the same grades all during that time. He believes it’s because he is African American and Leigh is taking it out on him for that. She would never grade someone due to their grades because sheRead MoreThe Blind Side By Michael Oher906 Words   |  4 Pageslessons that The Blind Side tries to teach its audience by telling the story of Michael Oher, a teenager who knows little about having a home and much less a family. When Leigh Anne Tuohy and her family open up their home to Michael, his life and future are forever changed. Not only does Michael gain courage and determination, but Leigh Anne and her family learn the valuable lesson of the bonds that tie family and friendships forever. The Blind Side shows viewers that a person’s social class doesn’t necessarilyRead MoreConflict Management Involving A Huge Not For Profit Business Essay907 Words   |  4 Pagesmaintenance of social networks, and the sensemaking processes in the diffusion of both codified and tacit knowledge about conflict management. Liu, Leigh, Anne; Inlow, Lin; Feng, Jing, Betty; (2014). Within the businesses process involving factors of management conflict practices. Thecost of ill-managed conflicts in organizations are often very high. Liu, Leigh, Anne; Imlow, Lin; Feng, Jing, Betty; (2014). Systematic and institutionalized conflict management has become a natural pursuit of top-level managersRead MoreThe Worsening Crisis, By The Dred Scott Decision `` And `` The Panic Of 1857 ``1243 Words   |  5 PagesWorsening Crisis, it occurred between the period of 1857-1861 during the presidency of James Buchanan. It includes â€Å"The Dred Scott Decision† and â€Å"The Panic of 1857. In addition, it also talks about the Lecompton Constitution and the Lincoln-Douglas Debates. This documents mostly covers the South and North issues during 18s. In the Worsening Crisis record, it involved the â€Å"Dred Scott Decision† which arose different conflicts whether the slaves should be freed or not? Regards to â€Å"The Panic of 1857†, itRead MoreVelina Jackson. Dr. Thomas Hennefer. Hrm 599 Human Resource1177 Words   |  5 Pages Velina Jackson Dr. Thomas Hennefer HRM 599 Human Resource Management Capstone January 20, 2017 â€Æ' â€Æ' A Growing Small Business Lehigh Hanson is the company I chose as my business case. Lehigh Hanson has been supplying cement, aggregates, ready-mixed concrete, asphalt, and other building materials throughout the United States, Canada, and Germany. The high demands on performance and being open minded is what HR and management hold at high demands and they lead by example. To transitionRead MoreHow Supporters of Slavery Used Legal, Religious, and Economic Arguments to Defend the Institution1538 Words   |  7 Pagesheld to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall privateRead MoreRel321 Asu1103 Words   |  5 Pagesof America†, by Edwin Gaustad and Leigh Schmidt, gives a great overview of the different strand of religious development in the United States. They are divided into four fundamental time periods: the Colonial times; the Revolutionary War to the Civil War; Post Civil War to World War II; and World War II to present day. â€Å"The Religious History of America† was originally written by Edwin Scott Gaustad in 1966 and was later revised by one of Gaustad’s students, Leigh Schmidt. The authors opening lineRead MoreThe During The Pearl Harbor Attack897 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizations, thus spawning the catchphrase â€Å"Hooker’s Lib.† The most renowned of these organizations, COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics), was founded by a former prostitute, Margo St. James. Notably, one very prominent advocate member of COYOTE, Carol Leigh, created the term â€Å"sex worker† in the 1970s. Her intention was to reduce the stigma attached to prostitution and assert the legitimacy of her profession in the process. As a result, â€Å"sex worker† is now considered the politically correct term in manyRead MoreShould Marijuana Be More Dangerous Than Drinking Alcohol?1468 Words   |  6 Pagesdrugs and over consuming it is very dangerous to the body, but what are its ef fects when consumed at rational levels. When consumed in reasonable levels, alcohol has some positive impacts to the body. Cynthia Kuhn (PhD) a professor of pharmacology, Scott Swartzwelder (PhD) a professor of psychiatry and Wilkie Wilson (PhD) a professor of prevention science at Duke University, wrote in their book â€Å"Buzzed† that people drink alcohol for â€Å"the feeling of relaxation that accompanies an occasional drink ofRead MoreQuestions On The Legal Right1664 Words   |  7 Pages‘has been so fixed for the better enjoyment of the object’ or ‘to affecting a permanent improvement of the freehold’ . Leigh v Taylor’ corroborates Scarman as the court held that the tapestries were chattels as although they were affixed to the walls, the purpose of the annexation was for ‘the tapestry to be enjoyed as an ornament rather than to enhance the building’ . The case of Mew v Trismire further strengthens Scarman’s conte ntion, as it was held that while the degree of annexation was similar

Income and Expenses for an Individual †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Income and Expenses for an Individual? Answer: Introducation In this case, Danny is a resident of Australia he was engaged in the technician work in the company Robin Pty Ltd. He resigned from the company for undertaking study at Charles Strut University. The company offered Danny that he could return to the office after completing the study. Danny has participated in the student exchange program and has incurred substantial costs. Danny was in a study trip and worked as a casual tutor in the university where he was paid $4000. The issue here is to determine whether the expenses incurred by Danny are allowable as deduction. Law The laws that have been applied are: Section 8-1 of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997; Taxation Ruling 98/9; FCT v Hatchett 71 ATC 4184 Anstis v FCT 2009 ATC Section 82A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936; The allowable income and expenses for an individual is governed by the application of the Income Tax Assessment Act, case laws and taxation ruling. The Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 in section 995-1 provides that deduction means any amount that can be deducted. This definition is not useful in determining the deduction allowable so the common laws and cases studies should be considered before ascertaining the expenses. It should be noted that the allowable deduction should be determined after considering the nature of expenses (Gale Samwick, 2014). The expenses that are of capital nature are not allowed as deduction. The expenses that are of revenue nature are not allowed as deduction. It should be noted that the expenses that have been incurred for earning exempted income is not allowed as deduction. The section 8-1(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 provides that the expense incurred for producing or earning assessable income is allowed as deduction. It is further provided that the expenses can be deducted as allowable deduction if it is incurred for producing the assessable income. The law provides that outgoing or loss is allowed as deduction if it is incurred for producing the assessable income (Snape De Souza, 2016). In case the tax payer is business then the expenses incurred for producing or generating income for business is allowed as deduction. In section 8-1 (2) of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997 it is provided that the expenses is not allowed as deduction if the loss or outgoing is in the nature of capital, private expenses, expenses incurred for producing assessable income. It should be noted that there must be necessary relationship between the assessable income and loss or outgoing expenses. In the case of Charles Moore V FCT (1956) that the taxpayer can c laim deductions for the receipts that have been stolen from the store at the gun points that are not insured. It should be noted that the expenditure for producing the assessable income is allowed as deduction (Ciconte et al., 2016). The expenditure that a tax payer incurs for reducing the future expenses is not allowed as deduction. The nature of expenses that are allowed as deduction has been explained above. In this case, the discussions have been made for expenses that have been incurred for studying abroad. The discussion is made after considering the Taxation Ruling 98/9. The Taxation Ruling 98/9 deals with the self education expenses that are allowed as deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 and the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. This expenditure that are allowed as deduction under the taxable income is provided in the Taxable Ruling. In the Para 12 of the Taxation Ruling expenses related to self education is allowed as deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 if there is relevant connection between the income tax payer of the current years. In Para 13 it is stated that if the income earning activity of the taxpayer is based on the skills and specific knowledge of the self-education helps in improving the skills then the expenses related to self-education is allowed as deduction (Berry Hay, 2016). It is provided in Para 14 that if the subject of study increases the taxpayers income from the current level of income then the expenses related to the self-education is allowed as deduction. The argumen ts that after self-education the taxpayer will get employment will not be allowed as deduction for the expenses that have been incurred for the self-education. That means if a taxpayer has incurred expenses for self-education in which the taxpayer is not in the profession is not allowed as deduction as per Para 15 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. It should be noted that the principles for allowing expenditure should not be applied on a mutually exclusive basis but should be considered in conjunction with the section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. The Para 17 provides that expenses is allowed as deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 if the essential character of the expenses is that of income producing. The essential character of the expenses is determined after analysing the all he objective circumstances (Bulman Hoxby, 2015). There can be circumstances that the expenses that are allowed as deduction is apportioned under section 8-1 of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997. That means if during the study tour the expenses have been incurred for working related purposes or private purpose then the expenses should be apportioned between the purposes. In case the expenses that have been incurred for private purpose is incidental for producing income earning activity then expenses that are only allowed for producing the assessable income is allowed as deduction (Robinson et al., 2015). It should be noted that if the expenditure related to the private purpose is only incidental for producing the main income earning activity then the expenditure is not allowed as deduction. In Para 22 the Taxation Ruling states that deduction is allowed for the amount of decline in the value of the depreciating assets under section 4025 of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 that was held during the income years and is used for taxable purpose. In case of self-education if the depreciable assets are used then the expenses of depreciation can be allowed as deduction (Fitzsimons Carr, 2014). The depreciation amount should be reduced to the extent the assets has been used for purpose that is not related for producing income. The Para 23 of the Taxation Ruling provide that the expenses that are allowed as deduction are provided below: Tuition or course fees that are paid for attending the institution for education, work related expenses and student union fees; The cost of professional journal, stationery and textbooks; The expenses for airfares including the expenses related to the study tour overseas, on conference related seminars or for attending the institution for education. This are the part of the cost that are necessary for participating in the tour; If the taxpayer is away from home then the expenses related to accommodation and meals that have been incurred on the study tour abroad for the work related conference and attending the institution; The interest expenses related to borrowing that are used for self education for improving the knowledge and skills of the taxpayers are allowed as deduction. The Para 24 of the ruling provided that following expenses related to the self education are not allowed as deduction: The student contribution amount or the amount of debt is not allowed as deduction; The expenditure that have been incurred for meals for attending the self education expenses, conference related to work and seminars; The expenditure related to accommodation and meals if the taxpayers has incurred for the expenses for the self education purpose; In the case of FCT v Hatchett 71 ATC 4184 it was held that the expenses that have been incurred by a primary school teacher to gain the certificate of the secondary school teacher is allowed as deduction. The main reason for allowing the deduction is that it will increase the professional qualification and help in further increase in income. In the case of Anstis v FCT 2009 ATC it was held that the expenses that have been incurred for travelling between the home and educational institution or place of work is not allowed as deduction. The section 82A of the Income Tax Assessment Act of 1936 provides that maximum amount of $250 is allowed as deduction in an income year for the self-education expenses. Application On analyzing the case, Danny is engaged is an electrical technician. The study will further improve the qualification of Danny in the same profession that means this will help him to increase the income of Danny (Taylor Richardson, 2013). Therefore based on the FCT v Hatchett 71 ATC 4184 it can be said that the expenses should be allowed as deduction. The expenses that have been incurred for air ticket is allowed as deduction as provided in Para 23 of the ruling. The expenses that are incurred for the accommodation is not allowed as deduction as provided in Para 24 of Taxation ruling. The expenses incurred for meal is not allowed as deduction as per Para 24 of the ruling (Gutman, 2016). The expenses incurred for the book and study material is allowed as deduction. The amount paid for the purchase of the laptop is not allowed as deduction.. In this case, the motor vehicle expenses that have been used for 5 months is not allowed as deduction as it used for going to education instituti on as per the case Anstis v FCT 2009 ATC. Statement showing deduction under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997 Particulars Amount Air ticket $ 1,500.00 Books and study material $ 800.00 Purchase of laptop $ 1,800.00 Allowable deduction $ 4,100.00 Table 1: Allowable deduction (Source: Created by Authority) The table has provided that the total expenses that can be claimed as deduction under section 8-1 of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997 based on the cases and taxation ruling discussed above. The section 82A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 provides that the expenses for self-education will be allowed as deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 in the income year to the extent of net amount of $250. Conclusion Based on the above discussion it can be said that Danny is allowed to take deduction of $250 under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 during the current income year. Reference Adebisi, J. F., Gbegi, D. O. (2013). Effect of tax avoidance and tax evasion on personal income tax administration in Nigeria.American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,1(3), 125-134. Bargain, O., Dolls, M., Immervoll, H., Neumann, D., Peichl, A., Pestel, N., Siegloch, S. (2015). Tax Policy and Income Inequality in the United States, 19792007.Economic Inquiry,53(2), 1061-1085. Berry, C., Hay, C. (2016). The great British rebalancingact: The construction and implementation of an economic imperative for exceptional times.The British Journal of Politics and International Relations,18(1), 3-25. Bradley, S. (2017). Inattention to Deferred Increases in Tax Bases: How Michigan Home Buyers Are Paying for Assessment Limits.Review of Economics and Statistics,99(1), 53-66. Bulman, G. B., Hoxby, C. M. (2015). The returns to the federal tax credits for higher education.Tax Policy and Economy,29(1), 13-88. Cazier, R., Rego, S., Tian, X., Wilson, R. (2015). The impact of increased disclosure requirements and the standardization of accounting practices on earnings management through the reserve for income taxes.Review of Accounting Studies,20(1), 436-469. Ciconte, W., Donohoe, M. P., Lisowsky, P., Mayberry, M. A. (2016). Predictable uncertainty: The relation between unrecognized tax benefits and future income tax cash outflows. Davis, A. K., Guenther, D. A., Krull, L. K., Williams, B. M. (2015). Do socially responsible firms pay more taxes?.The Accounting Review,91(1), 47-68. Fitzsimons, J. A., Carr, C. B. (2014). Conservation covenants on private land: issues with measuring and achieving biodiversity outcomes in Australia.Environmental management,54(3), 606-616. Gale, W. G., Samwick, A. A. (2014). Effects of income tax changes on economic growth. Gennari, E., Messina, G. (2014). How sticky are local expenditures in Italy? Assessing the relevance of the flypaper effect through municipal data.International tax and public finance,21(2), 324-344. Gutman, H. L. (2016). The Saga of Unfulfilled Business Income Tax Reform.Temp. L. Rev.,89, 267. Hoffman, W. H., Smith, J. E. (2014).South-Western Federal Taxation 2015: Individual Income Taxes. Cengage Learning. Richardson, G., Taylor, G., Lanis, R. (2013). The impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness: An empirical analysis.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,32(3), 68-88. Robinson, L. A., Stomberg, B., Towery, E. M. (2015). One size does not fit all: How the uniform rules of FIN 48 affect the relevance of income tax accounting.The Accounting Review,91(4), 1195-1217. Snape, J., De Souza, J. (2016).Environmental taxation law: policy, contexts and practice. Routledge. Sutherland, H., Figari, F. (2013). EUROMOD: the European Union tax-benefit microsimulation model.International Journal of Microsimulation,6(1), 4-26. Taylor, G., Richardson, G. (2013). The determinants of thinly capitalized tax avoidance structures: Evidence from Australian firms.Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation,22(1), 12-25.

Global Environment And Management - Ford and Taylorism

Question: Would workers in Australia, America or Europe accept the Taylorism in this form today? Consider the design of scripts for use in Call Centres, can you see Taylorism in that? Explain? Answer: Week 1 Introduction This section focuses on the implementation of Taylorism and Fayolism in the various organisations across the globe. The various advantages of these management theories are also mentioned in this section. The theory of Fayolism focuses on the management of the workplace on the basis of equality of the workers and motivation of the workers by a number of other factors along with money Activity 1 There are a number of key ideas that I have extracted from the activity, which are mentioned below. Scientific efficiency management based on the time taken for the tasks, which aims at improved economic efficiency. Dividing the large tasks into smaller task, which are easier to be completed. Assembly line production for the manufacturing process. Increase in the wages provided to the employees of the organisation by decreasing the time of production (Pearson, 1945). Managing the workforce directly by eliminating the presence of trade unions in the workplace, this in turn leads to better control and management. I dont think that he workers in Australia, America or Europe will accept Taylorism in this form today, as this method of scientific management defines the employees with less efficiency to be stupid even if it praises the workers with good efficiency in the workplace. The concept of Taylorism is insulting to the workers based on the presumed low level of knowledge of the workers by the management. The scripts used in a number of call centres in present involve a number of predetermined responses to the conversations with the customers. Yes, I see Taylorism in the activity of providing the call centre workers with the scripts of the responses (Zardet, 1945). It suggests that the workers are not capable of determining the effective response to the queries of the customers. Some parts of the ideas are also being utilised in a number of organisations in the current societies, such as Ford, Mercedes and Audi, which implement the concept of the assembly lines along with the scientific mana gement of the employees by decreasing the size of the individual tasks. Activity 2 Fayolism is another method or theory of management which focuses on a number of key ideas mentioned below and was developed by Henri Fayol. Control on the workers to allow the organisation to have better productivity and efficiency. Teaching the employees of the organisations regarding the various management methods and styles. I believe that some of the ideas expressed in the management theory of Fayolism allow a number of organisations around the world in the current industries to have better management in the workplace. The theory of Fayolism focuses on the management of the workplace on the basis of equality of the workers and motivation of the workers by a number of other factors along with money (Brunsson, 2008). This allows the organisations in the current industries to have better management of the workforce and the various human resources available to the organisation. This theory of management still allows the human resources departments of a number of organisations to determine the various qualities which should be possessed by the applicant to become a manager. Some of these qualities suggested by the Fayolism theory of management are physical, mental, educational, technical and moral. This theory of management also allows the entire business model of a current organisation to be divided into a number of task groups, such as financial, managerial, technical, commercial, accounting and security (Oliveira, 2012). Conclusion The blog included the examples of a number of organisations implementing the management theories named Taylorism and Fayolism along with the various implications of the theories. We concluded that the theory of Fayolism gives a bit more respect to the employees in comparison to the theory of Taylorism. Week 2 Introduction This section of the blog focuses on the implementation of the structure and strategy in a number of organisatons along with one of the latest strategy named Holacracy. It is essential to find the correct strategy for an organisation before extending its implementation throughout the organisation. Holacracy is one of the most popular and booming management theory which allows the entire organisations to be divided into a number of decentralised teams, which allows the employees to have protection of experimentation. Activity 1 Some of the key ideas that I can extract from this activity are mentioned below. Competitive advantage of an organisation over the others in the same industry by managing the behaviour of the people working in the various business operations. Organisational design by transforming the organisational strategy into the organisational structure, which allows the entire business model of the organisation to be divided into a number of modules and a number of operations. Organisational structure following the organisational strategy to implement the strategy into the design of the organisation. Organisational strategy following organisational structure to incorporate the entire structure of the organisation into the strategy being developed. Its not true always that the increase in the number of rules in an organisation leads to increased efficiency. It is essential to find the correct strategy for an organisation before extending its implementation throughout the organisation. In the video, Yves Morieux mentioned in the interview that the structure of an organisation follows the strategy of the organisation (Morieux, 2009). It is obviously a fact, as the strategy allows the organisation to be divided into effective and efficient modules. But sometimes the strategy can follow the structure. Suppose a strategy is being developed for an organisation which should be implemented in each and every module in the business model of the organisation. In this case, the strategy follows the existing structure of the organisation to be able to cover the entire structure of the organisation. Activity 2 A number of key ideas which I could extract from the learning activity are mentioned below. The centralisation of power in the organisation could lead to the suffocation of innovation. The competitive advantage of an organisation over the others can be defined in terms of the flexibility and adaptability of the organisation. The CEO of the organisation is still in charge of some of the things in case Holacracy. Holacracy is one of the most popular and booming management theory which allows the entire organisations to be divided into a number of decentralised teams, which allows the employees to have protection of experimentation (Robertson, 2009). The decentralisation of the power in holacracy allows the employees of the organisation to involve innovation and creativity in their daily work. The management theory of holacracy allows an individual to play the role of both the superior and subordinate to another individual. A similarity which I could see between the innovative cultures of the organisation to the agile organisational structure is the various roles in the business model being interchanged among the team members of the organisation. The decentralisation of the power in the workplace helps these interchangeable roles to be more effective and efficient according to the strategy of the organisation. Holacracy focuses on the governance of the various team members through forgiveness rather than permission. This allows the hierarchical structure of the organisation to be completely removed from the workplace (Robertson, 2006). Conclusion The description of the management theories with the focus on structure and strategy of the organisations allows us to conclude that the implementation of the strategy depends on the structure of the organisation and vice versa. References Brunsson, K. H. 2008. Some effects of Fayolism. International Studies of Management and Organization, 38(1), 30-47. Morieux, Y., Blaxill, M., Boutenko, V. 2009. Generative interactions: The new source of competitive advantage. Restructuring Strategy, 86. Oliveira, N. 2012. Types of Structure. In Automated Organizations (pp. 15-26). Physica-Verlag HD. Pearson, N. M. 1945. Fayolism as the necessary complement of Taylorism. American Political Science Review, 39(01), 68-80. Robertson, B. J. 2006. Holacracy: A complete system for agile organizational governance and steering. Agile Project Management Executive Report, 7(7). Robertson, B. J. 2009. Organization evolved: Introducing holacracy. Unpublished manuscript. Zardet, V., Voyant, O. 2003. Organizational transformation through the socio-economic approach in an industrial context. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(1), 56-71.